Murine Erythroid 5-aminolevulinate Synthase: Truncation of a Disordered N-terminal Extension is Not Detrimental for Catalysis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2016
Keywords
ALA5-aminolevulinic acid, 5-aminolevulinic acid, ALAS1non-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase, ALAS2erythroid-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase, mALAS2erythroid-specific isoform of murine 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific isoform of murine 5-aminolevulinate synthase, ΔmALAS2erythroid-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase with an N-terminal truncation, erythroid-specific isoform of 5-aminolevulinate synthase with an N-terminal truncation, hALAS1non-specific isoform of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific isoform of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase, hALAS2erythroid-specific isoform of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific isoform of human 5-aminolevulinate synthase, PLPpyridoxal 5′-phosphate, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, SDS-PAGEsodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, CDcircular dichroism, circular dichroism, XLPPX-linked protoporphyria, X-linked protoporphyria, XLSAX-linked sideroblastic anemia, X-linked sideroblastic anemia, 5-Aminolevulinate synthase, Pyridoxal phosphate, Heme, Intrinsically disordered proteins, Sideroblastic anemia, Porphyria, Mitochondrial processing
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.02.002
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS), a pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent homodimeric enzyme, catalyzes the initial step of heme biosynthesis in non-plant eukaryotes. The precursor form of the enzyme is translated in the cytosol, and upon mitochondrial import, the N-terminal targeting presequence is proteolytically cleaved to generate mature ALAS. In bone marrow-derived erythroid cells, a mitochondrial- and site-specific endoprotease of yet unknown primary structure, produces a protein shorter than mature erythroid ALAS (ALAS2) found in peripheral blood erythroid cells. This truncated ALAS2 lacks the presequence and the N-terminal sequence (corresponding to ~ 7 KDa molecular mass) present in ALAS2 from peripheral blood erythroid cells. How the truncation affects the structural topology and catalytic properties of ALAS2 is presently not known. To address this question, we created a recombinant, truncated, murine ALAS2 (ΔmALAS2) devoid of the cleavable N-terminal region and examined its catalytic and biophysical properties. The N-terminal truncation of mALAS2 did not significantly affect the organization of the secondary structure, but a subtle reduction in the rigidity of the tertiary structure was noted. Furthermore, thermal denaturation studies revealed a decrease of 4.3 °C in the Tm value of ΔmALAS2, implicating lower thermal stability. While the kcat of ΔmALAS2 is slightly increased over that of the wild-type enzyme, the slowest step in the ΔmALAS2-catalyzed reaction remains dominated by ALA release. Importantly, intrinsic disorder algorithms imply that the N-terminal region of mALAS2 is highly disordered, and thus susceptible to proteolysis. We propose that the N-terminal truncation offers a cell-specific ALAS2 regulatory mechanism without hindering heme synthesis.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
Yes
Citation / Publisher Attribution
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics, v. 1864, issue 5, p. 441-452
Scholar Commons Citation
Stojanovski, Bosko M.; Breydo, Leonid; Uversky, Vladimir N.; and Ferreira, Gloria C., "Murine Erythroid 5-aminolevulinate Synthase: Truncation of a Disordered N-terminal Extension is Not Detrimental for Catalysis" (2016). Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications. 339.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/mme_facpub/339
