Abstract
Replicate homogenized Sediment-oil agglomerates (SOAs) were collected from the coastline immediately after the DWH disaster. SOAs were buried from 5 to 55cm depth in Pensacola Beach sand and sampled from October 2010 to December 2013. The abundance and composition of microbial communities was determined using next generation sequencing and qPCR of SSU rRNA genes, respectively, for SOAs sampled in a time series. Taxonomic diversity of microorganisms decreased in SOAs in comparison to surrounding or pristine sands. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were enriched and a succession of microbial populations was observed that paralleled the chemical evolution of petroleum hydrocarbons as determined in our companion study. Bacterial abundance was two to four orders of magnitude higher in SOAs in comparison to surrounding sands, indicating that these large oil residues are hotspots of microbial growth. Quantification of nitrogenase genes (nifH) in SOAs revealed a bloom in nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes or diazotrophs late in the time series. Thus, the coupling of nitrogen fixation to hydrocarbon degradation appears to be an important control over the fate of oil in macroscopic oil aggregates. Our observations are corroborated by predictions from inferred metagenomic analysis and predictions aid in linking specific taxa to the degradation of specific hydrocarbon compounds and diazotrophy.
Purpose
To determine the rate of SOA degradation in situ in dry beach sand, investigate the succession of microbial populations that recruit onto simulated SOAs, and elucidate the linkage between nitrogen fixation and hydrocarbon degradation.
Keywords
pensacola beach, microbial community, nitrogen fixation, sediment-oil agglomerate (SOA)
UDI
R4.x267.000:0102
Date
October 2018
Point of Contact
Name
Joel E. Kostka
Organization
Georgia Institute of Technology / School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
Funding Source
RFP-4
DOI
10.7266/N7WS8RSV
Rights Information
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication 1.0 License.
Scholar Commons Citation
Boryoung Shin, Markus Huettel, Max Kolton, Joel Kostka. 2018. Sediment-oil agglomerates in situ incubation in Pensacola Beach sand. Distributed by: Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC), Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi. doi:10.7266/N7WS8RSV
Comments
Extent
Data were collected during a mesocosm study, no field sampling involved.
Supplemental Information
GRIIDC qPCR.xlsx contains 16S gene copies per gram sediment, percent relative abundance, NifH gene copies, and Shannon indices.|qPCR data were analyzed at depths of 10 cm and 50 cm. Control sand was collected from the surface of the same site but without oil contamination. Controls were not collected from several depths. Surrounding sand samples were collected from the region surrounding each deployed SOA to identify possible impacts to indigenous microbial communities.||||