Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-2018

Keywords

inflammation, kynurenine pathway, sleep

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12529

Abstract

Objective: Chronic, low‐level inflammation is associated with symptomatic bipolar disorder (BD) and with chronic insomnia. Disrupted sleep is a feature of episodes of both mania and depression. We examined the effect of neopterin, a marker of cellular immune activation, and kynurenine (KYN), an inflammatory byproduct of the serotonin pathway, on the association between total sleep time and depression severity in BD.

Method: Twenty‐one symptomatic BD participants and 28 healthy controls (HC) were recruited and followed during usual clinical care. At baseline and after symptomatic recovery, total sleep time was objectively measured with actigraphy for 1 week and blood plasma was collected to measure the serotonin precursor tryptophan (TRP), KYN, the KYN/TRP ratio, and neopterin levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi‐square, independent t tests and hierarchical linear multiple regression models.

Results: Total sleep time was correlated positively with depressive severity and negatively with manic severity. TRP was significantly reduced in BD participants compared to HC. KYN, TRP, and the KYN/TRP ratio were associated with depressive severity when total sleep time and body mass index (BMI) were included in the model. The KYN/TRP ratio trended towards a negative association with mania symptoms, controlling for BMI and total sleep time, in acutely symptomatic BD participants. Neopterin was not associated with sleep or mood severity. After usual clinical care, BD participants showed significantly decreased clinical symptoms but no significant differences in sleep phenotype or biomarkers.

Conclusion: Inflammation, sleep, and mood are closely intertwined. Future research into the effect of inflammation on sleep in BD may lead to clinical markers of outcome.

Was this content written or created while at USF?

Yes

Citation / Publisher Attribution

Bipolar Disorders, v. 20, issue 1, p. 27-34

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Mukherjee, D, Krishnamurthy, VB, Millett, CE, Reider, A, Can, A, Groer, M, Fuchs, D, Postolache, TT, Saunders, EFH. Total sleep time and kynurenine metabolism associated with mood symptom severity in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorders. 2018; 20: 27– 34., which has been published in final form at 10.1111/bdi.12529. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.

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