Observations of Volcanic Tremor During The January-February 2005 Eruption of Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
7-2007
Keywords
volcanic, tremor, harmonic tremor, low-frequency events, conduit, resonance, ash, eruptions, Mt. Veniaminof, volcanic seismology
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-007-0119-4
Abstract
Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska Peninsula, is a stratovolcano with a summit ice-filled caldera containing a small intracaldera cone and active vent. From January 2 to February 21, 2005, Mt. Veniaminof erupted. The eruption was characterized by numerous small ash emissions (VEI 0 to 1) and accompanied by low-frequency earthquake activity and volcanic tremor. We have performed spectral analyses of the seismic signals in order to characterize them and to constrain their source. Continuous tremor has durations of minutes to hours with dominant energy in the band 0.5–4.0 Hz, and spectra characterized by narrow peaks either irregularly (non-harmonic tremor) or regularly spaced (harmonic tremor). The spectra of non-harmonic tremor resemble those of low-frequency events recorded simultaneously with surface ash explosions, suggesting that the source mechanisms might be similar or related. We propose that non-harmonic tremor at Mt. Veniaminof results from the coalescence of gas bubbles while low-frequency events are related to the disruption of large gas pockets within the conduit. Harmonic tremor, characterized by regular and quasi-sinusoidal waveforms, has duration of hours. Spectra containing up to five harmonics suggest the presence of a resonating source volume that vibrates in a longitudinal acoustic mode. An interesting feature of harmonic tremor is that frequency is observed to change over time; spectral lines move towards higher or lower values while the harmonic nature of the spectra is maintained. Factors controlling the variable characteristics of harmonic tremor include changes in acoustic velocity at the source and variations of the effective size of the resonator.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
No
Citation / Publisher Attribution
Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 69, issue 8, p. 927-940
Scholar Commons Citation
De Angelis, S. and McNutt, Stephen R., "Observations of Volcanic Tremor During The January-February 2005 Eruption of Mt. Veniaminof, Alaska" (2007). School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications. 316.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/geo_facpub/316
