Modeling the October 2005 lahars at Panabaj (Guatemala)
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-2018
Keywords
Debris flow, Panabaj, Extreme rainfall, FLO-2D, Validation metrics, Model precision, Model sensitivity, Noneruptive event
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-017-1169-x
Abstract
An extreme rainfall event in October of 2005 triggered two deadly lahars on the flanks of Tolimán volcano (Guatemala) that caused many fatalities in the village of Panabaj. We mapped the deposits of these lahars, then developed computer simulations of the lahars using the geologic data and compared simulated area inundated by the flows to mapped area inundated. Computer simulation of the two lahars was dramatically improved after calibration with geological data. Specifically, detailed field measurements of flow inundation area, flow thickness, flow direction, and velocity estimates, collected after lahar emplacement, were used to calibrate the rheological input parameters for the models, including deposit volume, yield strength, sediment and water concentrations, and Manning roughness coefficients. Simulations of the two lahars, with volumes of 240,200 ± 55,400 and 126,000 ± 29,000 m3, using the FLO-2D computer program produced models of lahar runout within 3% of measured runouts and produced reasonable estimates of flow thickness and velocity along the lengths of the simulated flows. We compare areas inundated using the Jaccard fit, model sensitivity, and model precision metrics, all related to Bayes’ theorem. These metrics show that false negatives (areas inundated by the observed lahar where not simulated) and false positives (areas not inundated by the observed lahar where inundation was simulated) are reduced using a model calibrated by rheology. The metrics offer a procedure for tuning model performance that will enhance model accuracy and make numerical models a more robust tool for natural hazard reduction.
Was this content written or created while at USF?
Yes
Citation / Publisher Attribution
Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 80, issue 1, art. 4
Scholar Commons Citation
Charbonnier, Sylvain J.; Connor, Charles B.; Connor, L. J.; Sheridan, M. F.; Oliva Hernández, J. P.; and Richardson, J. A., "Modeling the October 2005 lahars at Panabaj (Guatemala)" (2018). School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications. 1556.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/geo_facpub/1556
