Graduation Year

2020

Document Type

Thesis

Degree

M.S.

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.)

Degree Granting Department

Dean's Office

Major Professor

Feng Cheng, Ph.D.

Committee Member

Vijaykumar Sutariya, M.Pharm., Ph.D., R.Ph.

Committee Member

Alya Limayem, Ph.D.

Committee Member

Sheeba Varghese Gupta, M.Pharm., Ph.D.

Keywords

bioinformatics, cell lines, gene expression, genomic database, nanotoxicities, pathway

Abstract

Nanotechnology enables more precise harmony in health condition via reducing the dosage amount, improving the delivery of hydrophobic drugs, more specific targeting to the cancerous sites, and so on. Nevertheless, issues regarding the toxicity of nanotechnology have begun to call for attention several decades later after the innovation of nanotechnology. Tools about risk management of nanotechnology have been developed, but recently not much evidence recognizes the toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) except for some animal studies, which demonstrated organ damage after the exposure to NPs. Toxicogenomic approach refers to the method utilizing gene expression to evaluate the chemical toxicity. Databases as Gene Expression Omnibus and Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery are useful platform to provide information about genomic and genetic pathway. After comparing groups at 4 hours and 24 hours, our study reveals the toxicity of silicon dioxide (SiO2) NPs to human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) is affected by their morphology, and via regulation of different amounts of genes. Cytotoxicity is also related to materials as SiO2 and poly-amido-amine. More analyses with SiO2 NPs cultured with mouse macrophages and lung cancer cells, A549 cells, indicates the size as the attribute of silica nanotoxicity. Smaller SiO2 particles appear to be more toxic in medium concentration. Among all these three cells (HAECs, mouse macrophages, and A549 cells), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway is the most highly up-regulated pathway. Therefore, the expression of TNF signaling pathway highlights the sub cellular mechanism of toxicity resulted from silica NPs regardless of the morphology or the size of the particles, and the cell types.

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