Graduation Year

2025

Document Type

Thesis

Degree

M.S.

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.)

Degree Granting Department

Medical Sciences

Major Professor

Diane Allen-Gipson, Ph.D.

Committee Member

Stephanie Zhou, Ph.D.

Committee Member

Mark Kindy, Ph.D.

Keywords

Bixin, E-cigarette, JUUL, Mitochondrial stress, Nanoprecipitation, Polycaprolactone

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) have increased in popularity and usage over the last few decades. E-cigs are generally composed of a liquid containing nicotine flavoring chemicals, a battery, a vaporization chamber, and a coil that heats the liquid upon inhalation of the mouthpiece. E-cigs were initially introduced as a healthy alternative to cigarette smoking. However, recent research has demonstrated that e-cigs elicit comparable cytotoxic and dangerous effects to conventional cigarettes. Bixin has been introduced in recent research as a candidate for therapeutic applications due to its innate anticancer, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged over the past few decades as a powerful tool for therapeutic drug delivery, offering a potential method for treating various conditions and diseases. Bixin NPs (BXNPs) show promise as a viable method for treating e-cig-induced damage due to the inherent properties of bixin and the advantages of using NPs over conventional medicinal interventions. This study conducted MTT assays to analyze how cell mitochondrial activity responds to JUUL exposure and how subsequent bixin NP treatment can mitigate this damage. The data demonstrate that differing nicotine JUUL concentrations and flavors induce varying responses in cells. While the BXNPs did not elicit a therapeutic response, the cell reaction to BXNP treatment varied according to the nicotine concentration of JUULs. This study lays the groundwork for future experimental endeavors to investigate how the dose-dependent kinetics of BXNPs can more effectively attenuate JUUL–induced mitochondrial stress and how chronic exposure to JUULs impacts cell responses over time.

Share

COinS