Poster Preview
College
College of Arts and Sciences
Mentor Information
Narasaiah Kolliputi
Description
Asthma is the fifth leading chronic disorder in the world, affecting hundreds of millions of people yearly. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung airways caused by airway narrowing and remodeling. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been linked with increased risk of asthma. PAI-1’s production is stimulated by immune cells through the Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) pathway. It inhibits the activity of plasminogen inhibitors, leading to buildup of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM buildup leads to airway narrowing, which causes difficulty breathing. Genistein, found in soy, is an isoflavone that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This literature review investigated genistein’s effects on PAI-1 levels through the ERK pathway, and airway inflammation in asthmatics. This review utilized literature deriving from several sources, such as PubMed, pertaining to genistein’s impacts as an isoflavone, asthma’s pathogenesis, and the role of PAI-1 to determine genistein’s impact on asthma. Studies showed that for asthmatics with genotypes producing higher PAI-1 levels, inflammation and risk for asthma attack was increased. When genistein was introduced, it lowered PAI-1 levels by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the ERK pathway. Understanding genistein’s effects on asthma is crucial to future clinical treatment, especially considering mutations and polymorphisms. Specific genotypes, such as the 4G4G polymorphism for the PAI-1 gene, may lead to increased risk for asthma due to higher predisposed PAI-1 levels. Genistein may be crucial in treating this specific genotype through oral supplementation and inhaled nanomedicine that could deliver genistein directly to airways.
The Impact of Genistein on PAI-1 Levels and Airway Inflammation in Asthma
Asthma is the fifth leading chronic disorder in the world, affecting hundreds of millions of people yearly. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung airways caused by airway narrowing and remodeling. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been linked with increased risk of asthma. PAI-1’s production is stimulated by immune cells through the Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) pathway. It inhibits the activity of plasminogen inhibitors, leading to buildup of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM buildup leads to airway narrowing, which causes difficulty breathing. Genistein, found in soy, is an isoflavone that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This literature review investigated genistein’s effects on PAI-1 levels through the ERK pathway, and airway inflammation in asthmatics. This review utilized literature deriving from several sources, such as PubMed, pertaining to genistein’s impacts as an isoflavone, asthma’s pathogenesis, and the role of PAI-1 to determine genistein’s impact on asthma. Studies showed that for asthmatics with genotypes producing higher PAI-1 levels, inflammation and risk for asthma attack was increased. When genistein was introduced, it lowered PAI-1 levels by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the ERK pathway. Understanding genistein’s effects on asthma is crucial to future clinical treatment, especially considering mutations and polymorphisms. Specific genotypes, such as the 4G4G polymorphism for the PAI-1 gene, may lead to increased risk for asthma due to higher predisposed PAI-1 levels. Genistein may be crucial in treating this specific genotype through oral supplementation and inhaled nanomedicine that could deliver genistein directly to airways.
