The Role of Alcohol Consumption in the Development and Management of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
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Mentor Information
Dr Olukemi Akintewe
Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of mortality, prompting extensive research into its contributing factors Among these factors, alcohol consumption patterns, including low, moderate, binge, and heavy drinking, have garnered attention due to their complex relationship with CVD risk factors, including hypertension, cholesterol levels, diabetes, platelet aggregation, and obesity This systematic review, conducted in PubMed, evaluates the benefits and risks of drinking patterns in relation to the development and management of cardiovascular disease Articles were screened using the PRISMA method, identifying 43 relevant articles from an initial pool of 320 Low alcohol intake correlated with decreased hypertension, improved cholesterol profiles, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and inhibited platelet aggregation - potentially lowering CVD risk Moderate alcohol intake showed mixed effects, decreasing platelet sensitivity and incidence of new-onset diabetes but increasing the risk of hypertension Conversely, heavy and binge drinking increased the risk of hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and thrombosis Findings revealed a J-shaped curve relationship between alcohol and CVD, indicating modest consumption may provide benefits against certain risk factors while excessive intake exacerbates them Individualized assessment considering cardiovascular health status, drinking patterns, and medication interactions is recommended This review highlights the intricate interplay between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions and public health strategies Future research should focus on controlled clinical trials to elucidate alcohol’s role in managing CVD effectively Ultimately, promoting moderate alcohol consumption alongside healthy lifestyle choices remains pivotal in mitigating cardiovascular risks.
The Role of Alcohol Consumption in the Development and Management of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of mortality, prompting extensive research into its contributing factors Among these factors, alcohol consumption patterns, including low, moderate, binge, and heavy drinking, have garnered attention due to their complex relationship with CVD risk factors, including hypertension, cholesterol levels, diabetes, platelet aggregation, and obesity This systematic review, conducted in PubMed, evaluates the benefits and risks of drinking patterns in relation to the development and management of cardiovascular disease Articles were screened using the PRISMA method, identifying 43 relevant articles from an initial pool of 320 Low alcohol intake correlated with decreased hypertension, improved cholesterol profiles, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and inhibited platelet aggregation - potentially lowering CVD risk Moderate alcohol intake showed mixed effects, decreasing platelet sensitivity and incidence of new-onset diabetes but increasing the risk of hypertension Conversely, heavy and binge drinking increased the risk of hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and thrombosis Findings revealed a J-shaped curve relationship between alcohol and CVD, indicating modest consumption may provide benefits against certain risk factors while excessive intake exacerbates them Individualized assessment considering cardiovascular health status, drinking patterns, and medication interactions is recommended This review highlights the intricate interplay between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions and public health strategies Future research should focus on controlled clinical trials to elucidate alcohol’s role in managing CVD effectively Ultimately, promoting moderate alcohol consumption alongside healthy lifestyle choices remains pivotal in mitigating cardiovascular risks.
