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Home > Open Access Journals > JSS > Vol. 19 > No. 3 (2026)

 

Author Biography

Nikolaos Koutsoupias is an Associate Professor of Applied Informatics & Data Analysis in the Department of International & European Studies of the School of Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, University of Macedonia. He graduated from the Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and is a Ph.D. holder from the Department of Applied Informatics of the University of Macedonia. 

Mikelis Kyriakos is an Assistant Professor of International Relations in the Department of International and European Studies at the University of Macedonia. He holds a Ph.D. in International Relations from Panteion University, an M.A. in International Relations and European Studies from the University of Kent at Canterbury, and a B.A. in International and European Economic and Political Studies from the University of Macedonia.

Marios Nosios holds a bachelor's degree in International and European Economic Studies from the University of Macedonia with distinction and a master’s degree in Business Analytics and Data Science from the University of Macedonia with a state scholarship. Currently, he is a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of International & European Studies of the School of Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, University of Macedonia.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5038/1944.0472.19.3.2590

Subject Area Keywords

Conflict studies, Diplomacy, Europe and EU, Foreign internal defense, Foreign policy, Information operations, International relations, International security, Nuclear weapons and nonproliferation, Regional conflict, Russia, Science and technology & security, Security management, Security studies, Special operations forces, Strategy, War studies, Weapons of mass destruction

Abstract

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming contemporary warfare, with a particular emphasis on its applications in unmanned aerial platforms, sensor networks, and decision-support architectures. The analysis examines current operational uses, the algorithmic processes that enable them, and empirical insights drawn from the Russian-Ukrainian War. Findings indicate that machine learning enhances key military functions, including surveillance, navigation, targeting, fire coordination, and maintaining communication networks under conditions of electronic disruption. The emergence of loitering munitions and autonomous navigation systems reflects a pattern of incremental innovation, wherein automation augments operational efficiency without displacing human authority in decisions involving the use of lethal force. Despite these advances, AI-enabled systems remain constrained by persistent vulnerabilities, most notably, exposure to electronic jamming, adversarial input manipulation, and a fundamental dependence on data integrity. At the strategic level, the diffusion of artificial intelligence reshapes deterrence dynamics, crisis management frameworks, and alliance interoperability, while simultaneously generating unresolved ethical and governance dilemmas. The study concludes that artificial intelligence presently functions as a complementary rather than substitutive capability, reinforcing the imperative for institutional safeguards designed to balance enhanced military effectiveness with the preservation of strategic stability. Future research should critically assess the long-term implications of AI-driven military capabilities for international security, evaluate the robustness and enforceability of safeguards against misuse, and examine the adaptability of institutional frameworks in response to the accelerating militarization of emerging technologies.

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