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Home > Open Access Journals > JSS > Vol. 18 > Lessons Learned from the War in Ukraine

 

Author Biography

I am a PhD candidate in Political Science at Istanbul University. My research focuses on political psychology, authoritarianism, and academic freedom, with particular attention to identity, polarization, and the role of emotions in politics. I also work on energy security and hybrid warfare, analyzing how small states cope with the challenges of coercion in international relations.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.18.4.2577

Subject Area Keywords

Energy security, Hegemony, Human rights, Identity, Ideology

Abstract

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine intensified the use of energy as a geopolitical weapon, transforming global energy markets and testing the resilience of states dependent on Russian oil and gas. This study examines the mechanisms of energy weaponization in the context of the Ukraine-Russia war, with particular emphasis on sanctions, the rerouting of energy flows, and the strategic implications for smaller states. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of energy security, hybrid warfare, and small-state vulnerability, the paper integrates policy analysis with trade and price data from 2014 to 2024. The findings reveal that sanctions accelerated Russia’s eastward energy pivot, reshaped transit routes, and increased systemic risk for small states through price volatility and supply uncertainty. The article concludes with policy recommendations for diversification, regional cooperation, and the integration of renewable energy sources.

Disclaimer

JSS assisted in the translation of this manuscript from its original language in Turkish to English. No substantive changes were made and the editing process has proceeded with full participation and agreement with the author.

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