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Home > Open Access Journals > JSS > Vol. 18 > Afghanistan

 

Author Biography

Jithin Raveendran is a Doctoral Candidate in the Department of International Relations and Politics at the Central University of Kerala, India. His ongoing research critically examines Russia’s counterterrorism efforts, both within its borders and in international contexts, focusing on their evolution, strategic implications, and global engagements. ORCID iD: 0009-0005-6887-8113

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.18.2.2394

Subject Area Keywords

Afghanistan, Civil war and internal conflict, Conflict studies, Counterinsurgency, Counterterrorism

Abstract

This article explores the challenges and failures of nation-building under occupation Amidst an active warfare, using Afghanistan as a critical case study. Over two decades, the US-led intervention sought to establish stability and democracy but ultimately faltered due to misaligned strategies and systemic flaws. Efforts to impose Western governance structures clashed with Afghanistan’s deeply rooted tribal and cultural norms, fueling resistance and eroding legitimacy. The article identifies key shortcomings, including the neglect of local agency, cultural insensitivity, over-reliance on military solutions, and the perpetuation of dependency and corruption. It argues that nation-building by occupying forces is inherently flawed without prioritizing local ownership, cultural alignment, and respect for sovereignty. Drawing on lessons from Afghanistan, the article advocates for a localized and culturally adaptive approach to governance, emphasizing long-term commitment and integrated development strategies. These findings provide critical insights for rethinking international interventions and fostering sustainable, locally driven nation-building efforts.

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